TON

The TON (The Open Network) blockchain is a high-performance, decentralized multi-blockchain system originally developed by Telegram and now maintained by the open-source community. It uses a unique architecture and account model that differs from the traditional EOAs (Externally Owned Accounts) found in Ethereum and similar blockchains.

TON Blockchain's Account Model

Account Structure

TON's account model is somewhat similar to the UTXO model used by Bitcoin but also includes features more typical of account-based models:

• Account Contracts: In TON, every account is essentially a smart contract. Even simple user accounts that just hold a balance of TON cryptocurrency (known as Toncoin) are represented by smart contracts.

• Address Structure: Each account has a unique address, which can interact with the blockchain through the sending and receiving of messages.

State and Storage

• Persistent State: Unlike simple EOAs that just hold balances, accounts in TON have persistent state, which can include balances, code (for smart contracts), and other data.

• Smart Contracts: Similar to Ethereum, TON allows accounts to run smart contracts, enabling complex logic and functionality. These smart contracts can manage multiple assets, execute conditional logic, and more.

Private Keys and Security

• Control Mechanism: Accounts in TON are controlled by private keys. The private key is required to sign transactions, providing security and control over the account.

• Key Management: As with other blockchains, key management is crucial. Loss of a private key results in loss of access to the account and its assets.

Comparison with EOAs

Account and Contract Integration

• Unlike EOAs, where the account and the contract are distinct entities, in TON, each account can inherently be a smart contract. This integration simplifies the management of both assets and logic within the same framework.

Scalability and Performance

• TON's sharding and multi-blockchain architecture provide a scalable solution capable of handling a high volume of transactions, surpassing the typical performance of networks relying on EOAs.

Advanced Features

• TON offers advanced features like instant hypercube routing and infinite sharding, which are not present in traditional EOA-based systems.

Summary

The TON blockchain presents a sophisticated and scalable account model that integrates smart contract functionality at the core level. Unlike the EOA model, where accounts are primarily balance holders and smart contracts are separate, TON accounts are inherently capable of complex operations, making the system highly versatile. Its unique architecture, combined with advanced features, positions TON as a powerful platform for decentralized applications, with the potential for high throughput and robust security.